These smells can signal more than a skipped shower.
Whether you’ve just completed a grueling workout or chowed down on an onion-packed burger, chances are, at one time or another, you’ve been that person who stunk up the room.
In
most cases, a simple shower, swipe of deodorant, or line of minty-fresh
toothpaste could remedy the situation. But in other cases, it’s not so
simple.
That’s because your body odor can actually
speak volumes about your health. In fact, some diseases can actually
produce a unique, distinguished odor, according to a recent Swedish
study.
So which funky fumes should you take note
of? Here are five common body odors that might signal a serious
problem—and what you should do if the stench arises.
BODY ODOR: FRUITY BREATH IS A SYMPTOM OF DIABETES
Credit
a complication of diabetes called diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which
occurs when your body runs low on insulin and your blood sugar spikes,
says Robert Gabbay, M.D., Ph.D., chief medical officer at the Joslin
Diabetes Center in Boston. People with Type 1 diabetes generally
experience it more than those with Type 2 diabetes do.
Here’s
what’s happening: Your body can’t create the energy it needs to
function properly, so it begins to break down fatty acids for fuel. This
creates a build up of acidic chemicals called keones in your blood.
One of the main acids—acetone (the same component found in nail polish
remover)—can leave a fruity smell on your breath, Gabbay says. You might
not notice it until someone else mentions it, but doctors can smell it
on you as soon as you walk into a room.
The
effects of DKA can be serious—even deadly. It can make you vomit and
urinate frequently, causing your body to lose fluids at a dangerous
rate, he says.
DKA generally occurs with other
symptoms of diabetes, like fatigue, blurred vision, and unexplained
weight loss, but in many cases, people don’t put them all together,
which delays diagnosis and treatment. So if you notice the fruity odor
on your breath along with any of those symptoms—especially if they are
accompanied by fatigue, dry mouth, difficulty breathing, or abdominal
pain, head to the emergency room as soon as possible, the American
Diabetes Association recommends.
After your doctor
tests your blood for ketones, he or she will work on replacing lost
fluids and getting your sugar levels back to normal with insulin
treatment.
BODY ODOR: STINKY FEET IS A SYMPTOM OF ATHLETE’S FOOT
Can’t
seem to fight funky sneakers? A fungal infection may be to blame. If
you notice dry, scaly skin around your toes, redness, and blisters, you
may have athlete’s foot, according to the American Podiatric Medical
Association (APMA).
Your feet might also emit a
foul odor, caused by a combination of bacteria and fungus eroding into
your skin and toe webs, says Cameron Rokhsar, M.D., associate clinical
professor of dermatology at the Mount Sinai Hospital in New York. And if
you scratch your feet and then touch another part of your body, you can
spread the fungus to other areas of your body, like your groin or
armpit. That can potentially cause an odor to form in those areas, too.
Plus,
if you ignore athlete’s foot, the skin in between your toe webs becomes
excessively soft and moist, making it an entry point for bacteria, says
Rokhsar. You can develop more complicated conditions like cellulitis, a
bacterial infection of your skin’s soft tissue.
So
if you’re experiencing symptoms, try an over-the-counter antifungal
spray like Lotrimin or Tinactin. If the problem continues to persist
after two weeks, your doctor can take a closer look and prescribe a more
targeted treatment, suggests the APMA.
Since
athlete’s foot is just one of the nasty skin conditions you can pick up
at the gym, protect yourself from picking it up again by wearing shoes
in the locker room. Because fungi tend to thrive in moist environments,
try using a talcum to keep your feet dry if they tend to get sweaty.
BODY ODOR: SMELLY POOP IS A SYMPTOM OF LACTOSE INTOLERANCE
When
your small intestine doesn’t produce enough of an enzyme called
lactase, it can’t digest lactose, a sugar found in dairy products, says
Ryan Ungaro, M.D., assistant professor of gastroenterology at Mount
Sinai Hospital in New York.
So your small
intestine directs lactose directly to your colon—instead of your
bloodstream—where your gut bacteria ferment it. This can cause loose,
foul-smelling stool, bloating, and smelly gas, Ungaro says.
Lactose
intolerance is fairly common: In fact, an estimated 65 percent of
people have trouble digesting dairy, according to the National
Institutes of Health. But the reaction—including painful stomach
cramping, nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting, as well as smelly farts
and poop— can vary from person to person, says Men’s Health nutrition advisor Alan Aragon, M.S.
For
most people, though, it only takes 12 grams of lactose—about eight
ounces of milk or a cup of ice cream—to set off unsettling symptoms, he
says.
So if your gas or poop smells particularly
pungent after you down some milk, you might want to check in with your
doctor, says Ungaro. (If you’re passing wind more than usual, rule out
these five other reasons you could be gassy first.)
He
or she can diagnose the problem, or even rule out more concerning
intestinal issues, like Crohn’s disease, as a culprit behind the stench.
Then, your doctor can help you determine how much lactose you can take
in per day without causing a problem. (You can also pop a Lactaid pill,
which contains the lactase enzyme and allows you to digest dairy within
45 minutes, if you just must have a sundae, Aragon says.)
BODY ODOR: STRONG-SMELLING URINE IS A SYMPTOM OF A URINARY TRACT INFECTION
Urinary
tract infections (UTIs) can produce pungent, almost
chemical-smelling urine, says Jamin Brahmbhatt, M.D., a urologist at
Orlando Health. This happens after bacteria, most commonly E. coli,
enters your urinary tract and urethra. Then, they multiply in your
bladder, causing an infection.
UTIs are more
frequent in women than men because their urethra—the channel that drains
the bladder—is shorter. So if you notice your pee smells funky, check
in with your doctor, who will test your urine to see what’s up.
BODY ODOR: BAD BREATH IS A SYMPTOM OF SLEEP APNEA
If
your morning breath is consistently ripe—even if you brush your teeth
regularly—you could be dealing with undiagnosed sleep apnea, a disorder
that causes your breathing to sporadically stop and start while you
sleep.
Sleep apnea can lead to excessive snoring,
causing you to breathe through your mouth throughout the night. This can
make your mouth very dry, which is a common cause of bad breath, says
Raj Dasgupta, M.D., assistant professor of clinical medicine at the
University of Southern California.
This allows
bacteria to breed more readily—and when certain kinds multiply, they
produce a sulfurous gas that can give your breath a rotten egg smell.
If you’ve ruled out other causes of bad breath, but still wake up with a smelly mouth and you
suffer from daytime sleepiness and snoring, schedule an appointment
with your doctor. It’s vital sleep apnea gets diagnosed quickly: The
sleeping condition has been strongly associated with diabetes, high
blood pressure, and heart disease, so treating it sooner than later can
spare you of its long-term health effects, Dasgupta says.
Once
you’re diagnosed, your sleep doctor can recommend a continuous positive
airway pressure device (CPAP), a mask that rests over your nose and
mouth helps that helps keep your airways open while you snooze.
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